Varanasi – Older than History
Often referred to as ‘the city of temples,’ ‘the holy city of India,’ ‘the religious capital of India,’ ‘the city of lights, and the oldest living city on earth’, Varanasi, also known as Kashi or Banaras, is widely believed to be the oldest surviving city in the world and a major hub of civilization.
Mark Twain once said,
“Varanasi is older than history, older than tradition, older even than legend, and looks twice as old as all of them put together.”
With more than 3000 years of history, this city is located on the banks of the Ganges River in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. Varanasi is the region of the Ganges that lies between the Varuna and Asi rivers; hence, the name Varanasi comes from the combination of the names of these two rivers.
Well-known for its ancient temples, ghats, Ganga aarti, and street cuisine; its narrow lanes, bustling markets, and colorful festivals make it a must-visit destination for travelers seeking an authentic Indian experience.
Culture by the Ghats
Travelers to Varanasi can experience the mesmerizing sight of the Ganga Aarti and sense the spirituality and rich history of the Kashi ghats. The ghats are popular for their architectural beauty, with many of them adorned with intricate carvings and sculptures.
The Ganges’ sacred waters can be reached via the steps by the river, known as Varanasi’s ghats. The 88 ghats in the city are well-known throughout the world for being places for holy bathing and puja rituals, as well as cremations. The rituals performed at these ghats are believed to cleanse the soul and bring blessings to those who participate.
Spend some time sitting on one of the ghats as the sun sets, admiring the beauty of the Ganges and Kashi in their holy spirits. Among other famous ghats are Dashashwamedh Ghat, Raj Ghat, Scindia Ghat, Tulsi Ghat, Munshi Ghat, Manikarnika Ghat, and Harishchandra Ghat.
One of the main ghats in Varanasi is the Dashashwamedh Ghat on the banks of the river Ganges. Every evening, a group of priests performs the evening aarti called Agni pooja (Worship to Fire). This pooja is a form of devotion made to Lord Shiva, the Ganges (the Ganges), Surya (the sun), Agni (the fire), and the entire heavens. This is one of the major poojas performed at the ghat in the evening and a must-attend when in Varanasi.
Sights and Temples
Taking a boat ride in the sacred Ganges and seeing the sunrise or sunset is one of Varanasi’s most extraordinary experiences. The boat ride allows you to witness the vibrant rituals and ceremonies taking place along the ghats, adding to the spiritual ambiance of the city. As you glide along the river, you can also catch glimpses of pilgrims bathing in the holy waters and performing religious rituals.
Kashi, known as “the city of temples,” boasts over 3000 temples and shrines, each associated with historical and mythological stories, showcasing their beauty and rich history. The Kashi Vishwanath Temple in Varanasi is the holiest temple in Hinduism, dedicated to Lord Shiva and one of the twelve Jyotirlingas. Its architecture blends Hindu and Islamic styles, reflecting the rich cultural heritage of Varanasi, making it a popular destination for worshippers.
Varanasi, as described by Lewis Mumford, is a city that has transformed the energy of a civilization into culture. Despite its continuous tradition dating back to the sixth century B.C Varanasi maintains its vibrancy and tradition, unlike its contemporaries like Beijing, Athens, and Jerusalem, which have adapted to changing civilizational dynamics.
Where to Go, Do and Be
Wandering the streets of Varanasi, where centuries of life pulse through the city, is one way for tourists to experience the city.
Kachauri Gully is a popular spot for foodies, as it offers elegantly prepared Varanasi cuisine that is known for its spicy and succulent dishes.
Temples, festivals, cuisine, and shopping are all arranged in an enthralling way in Nai Sadak.
The Vishwanath Gully leads to the Kashi Vishwanath Temple, renowned for its historic building and regional fare.
Renowned for its Banarasi sarees, clothing, and toy shops, Chowk Bazaar is one of Varanasi’s oldest bazaars.
Lanka-BHU Road is a showcase of Varanasi’s modernity.
Varanasi is a city that seamlessly blends tradition and modernity, offering visitors a diverse range of experiences. From exploring the ancient temples and indulging in the delectable local cuisine to shopping for traditional Banarasi sarees and exploring the vibrant bazaars, Varanasi has something for everyone. Whether you’re seeking spiritual enlightenment or simply want to immerse yourself in the rich cultural heritage of the city, Varanasi is sure to leave a lasting impression on you.
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